Project management: Decision making

The process of decision making is one of the most important processes in any organization or companies . The critical process of decision making can determine the future of the organization as it can lead the organization or the company into its successful or failure work in the market .The process of decision making contains and depends on many other sub-processes that the company must pay attention to this process . The organization must at first determine the strengths and weakness in the organization in order to perform the process of decision making in the organization .

Performing the process of decision making can be taken through many models of decision making , each of these models has its own advantages and disadvantages that can determine the features of the decision making  This model must work for solving the problems that face the organization.

Decision-making are the mission of the administrative process, as mentioned, that it is a process nested in all management functions and activities, when practiced management and planning function, they take certain decisions in every stage of the development plan both at the goal setting or policy-making or program development or to identify appropriate resources or choose the best ways and methods of operation, when the Administration should establish appropriate regulation to its different functions and activities of the multi-they take decisions on the organizational structure, type, size , and the foundations of the division of departments and divisions, and individuals who need to have to do various tasks and scope of appropriate supervision and lines of authority, responsibility and communication .

And when you take the Director and his leadership, it takes a set of decisions, whether at the direction of his subordinates and coordinate their efforts or to consult their motives and motivation for good performance or solve problems, and when the management and oversight function, they also take decisions on the identification of appropriate criteria to measure business results, and amendments T will make to the plan, and work to correct the errors, if any, and so are the currency of decision-making in a continuous cycle with the continuation of the administrative process itself.

The first phase of diagnosing the problem:

It is important that should the Director-awareness is in the process to identify the underlying problem and its dimensions, is set for the nature of the situation that created the problem, and the degree of importance of the problem, and not confuse the symptoms, causes, and the appropriate time to address the resolution and effective decision-making and appropriate action.

The second phase of data collection and information:

The understanding of the problem a true understanding, and to propose suitable alternatives to solve them requires the collection of data and information relevant to the problem replace the resolution, so that effective decision-making depends on the ability of the manager to get as much data as possible accurate and impartial information and appropriate time from different sources, and then select the best ways to get it, and then analyzed by a careful analysis.

And compares the facts and figures and come out of the indicators and information to help him access to the appropriate decision.

Scientists have classified some types of management data and information used by the Director.

1. data and information, primary and secondary.
2. data and quantitative information.
3. data and qualitative information.
4. things and facts.

Identify and evaluate the available alternatives:

The number and type of alternative solutions on several factors, including:
Situation of the Organization, and policies that apply, and philosophy which they are bound, and potential material, and the time available before the decision maker, the directions of the Director the decision maker and his ability to think logically and creative, which is based on innovative thinking, which is based on the perception and expectation and was succeeded by ideas which will help the classification of alternatives in successive order, and a limited number of them.

Choose the appropriate alternative to resolve the problem:

The process of trade-offs among the alternatives available and select the alternative most appropriate and in accordance with the standards and objective considerations underlying the Director in the selection process and the most important of these criteria:

• To achieve a goal or an alternative to specific objectives, preferred alternative that will bring them the most goals or contribute to the achievement.
  • alternative agreement with the importance of the organization and its goals and values, systems and procedures.
• acceptance of members of the organization to resolve the alternative and their willingness to implement it.
• the degree of the impact of alternative human relationships and successful transactions between members of the organization.
• the degree of the required speed of work, and the date on which it is intended to obtain the desired results.
• the suitability of each alternative with environmental factors external to the organization, such as customs and traditions.
• values ​​and patterns of behavior and consumption patterns and what can be these factors help the environment, or disabled for each alternative.
  • available information on the surrounding environmental conditions.
  • efficient alternative, and the return of the oil pipeline to follow the selected alternative.